Genetic Health Testing
By Dr. Maria Krenz, DMV- ZimmVet
Genetic Health Testing
There are a variety of companies who provide genetic testing. Some genetic tests an owner can collect at home with a swab of the mouth. Other genetic tests require a blood draw at a veterinary office. Tests can provide information such as:
- Breed makeup of your dog
- Genetic mutations
- Predictor of adult weight and size
- Genetic traits such as coat, muscling, tendency to overeat
Veterinary Use
Your veterinarian may recommend you have a genetic test preformed on your dog, if they are a breed at risk for certain genetic diseases or showing illness that could be related to a genetic disease. An example of a disease is the multidrug resistance mutation 1 (MDR1). This disease refers to a specific mutation that can occur at a gene known as the MDR1 gene. A mutation at the MDR1 gene makes dogs more sensitive to the negative effects of certain medications. Dogs with this gene can have life threatening reactions to certain medications. Approximately three of every four collies have the mutant MDR1 gene. The MDR1 mutation has also been found in Shetland Sheepdogs (Shelties), Australian Shepherds, Old English Sheepdogs, English Shepherds, German Shepherds, Long-Haired Whippets, Silken Windhounds, and a variety of mixed-breed dogs.
Knowing your pet’s genetic makeup can create more awareness of diseases that are more common in certain breeds. For example, if your pet has Cavalier King Charles Spaniel in its background your veterinarian would want to do regular screens for heart disease, since it is very common in this breed.
Pet owners will need the help of their veterinarian or the genetic testing company’s technical staff to help decipher the genetic mutation part of the test. Some of the mutations are not significant, but others may be.
As a pet owner, knowing your dog’s breed background can help with knowing your dog’s temperament and tendencies. In a puppy, it can give you insight on what to expect as they grow and mature.
Examples
Examples of companies that provide Genetic testing include:
Royal Canin Genetic Health Testing – www.royalcanin.com/us/dogs/genetic-health-analysis
Wisdom Panel – www.wisdompanel.com/
Embark – embarkvet.com/
Disclaimer: This written content is meant to be educational and is not medical advice. Always consult a veterinarian about medical advice for your pet.
